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Polypyrrole operating voltage limits in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate Shoa, Tina; Cole, Matthew; Munce, Nigel R.; Yang, Victor; Madden, John D.
Abstract
Actuation of polypyrrole in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate solution has been shown to produce relatively large strains. However little has been published on appropriate potential range of actuation in this electrolyte. This information is clearly crucial for applications. Our particular interest is in disposable applications where a relatively small number of cycles are needed, and maximum strain is desired. The electrochemical degradation as a function of voltage is investigated by cycling the film between fixed voltages and measuring the charge transfer. The experiment was done on a glassy carbon substrate in order to reduce effects of change in resistance with oxidation state, preventing actuation. The dependence of charging on voltage and the rate of reduction in the extent of charging are measured. The voltage range for effective operation of the device was found to be -0.4 V to 0.8 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode in order to achieve stable performance over at least 30 minutes. The mechanisms of degradation at potentials beyond 0.8 V appear to be the substitution of hydroxyl ions in the polymer backbone, as suggested in reports on degradation of polypyrrole in other electrolytes. An observed reduction in charge transfer rate at potentials lower than -0.4 V is consistent with a reduction in ionic conductivity at highly reduced states, as has also been suggested in the literature. Copyright 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.
Item Metadata
Title |
Polypyrrole operating voltage limits in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate
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Creator | |
Publisher |
Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
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Date Issued |
2007
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Description |
Actuation of polypyrrole in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate solution has been shown to produce relatively large strains. However little has been published on
appropriate potential range of actuation in this electrolyte. This information is clearly crucial for applications. Our particular interest is in disposable
applications where a relatively small number of cycles are needed, and maximum strain is desired. The electrochemical degradation as a function of voltage is
investigated by cycling the film between fixed voltages and measuring the charge transfer. The experiment was done on a glassy carbon substrate in order to reduce
effects of change in resistance with oxidation state, preventing actuation. The dependence of charging on voltage and the rate of reduction in the extent of
charging are measured. The voltage range for effective operation of the device was found to be -0.4 V to 0.8 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode in order
to achieve stable performance over at least 30 minutes. The mechanisms of degradation at potentials beyond 0.8 V appear to be the substitution of hydroxyl
ions in the polymer backbone, as suggested in reports on degradation of polypyrrole in other electrolytes. An observed reduction in charge transfer rate at
potentials lower than -0.4 V is consistent with a reduction in ionic conductivity at highly reduced states, as has also been suggested in the literature.
Copyright 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution,
duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.
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Genre | |
Type | |
Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2011-06-01
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0107515
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URI | |
Affiliation | |
Citation |
Shoa, Tina; Cole, Matthew; Munce, Nigel R.; Yang, Victor; Madden, John D. Polypyrrole operating voltage limits in aqueous sodium hexafluorophosphate. Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) 2007, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen, Proceedings of SPIE Volume 6524, 652421, 2007.
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Publisher DOI |
10.1117/12.715072
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Peer Review Status |
Reviewed
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Scholarly Level |
Faculty
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Copyright Holder |
Madden, John D.
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Rights URI | |
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Item Media
Item Citations and Data
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International