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Initial dilution of a horizontal jet in a strong current Marks, Bonnie Jean
Abstract
The initial dilution of waste discharging into a water body can be accomplished by turbulent jets. Enhanced mixing is thought to occur when the water body is a river, due to the presence of an ambient current and increased turbulence levels. One case of jet mixing in a river is when the jet is weak compared with the ambient current, such as a pulp mill discharge into the Fraser River. This research was initially driven by the need to model the interaction between suspended sediments and pulp mill effluent in the Fraser River Basin under the Fraser River Action Plan. Because of the detrimental effect on water quality, researchers are investigating the physical, chemical and biological processes which occur when an effluent plume is discharged into the river. This study examines the physical mechanisms which are responsible for mixing in the vicinity of the discharge. To investigate the mixing process in the initial near-field, experiments involving a single buoyant jet discharging at an angle of 45 degrees into a moving ambient environment were performed. The main emphasis of this study is on using temperature measurements to calculate dilution in the vicinity of the port. To simulate field conditions in the laboratory, the range of two modelling parameters were preserved, namely the densimetric jet Froude number and the velocity ratio, which is the ratio of jet velocity to ambient velocity. The experimental data showed that the velocity ratio has a greater influence on dilution than the jet Froude number. Generally, dilution increases with decreasing velocity ratio or increasing ambient current. The data correspond well with previous studies on dilution of jet in a perpendicular crossflow. Bottom attachment of the jet is evident, creating a possible mechanism for entrainment of bottom sediments into the effluent plume in relation to the Fraser River.
Item Metadata
Title |
Initial dilution of a horizontal jet in a strong current
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Creator | |
Publisher |
University of British Columbia
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Date Issued |
1996
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Description |
The initial dilution of waste discharging into a water body can be accomplished by turbulent jets.
Enhanced mixing is thought to occur when the water body is a river, due to the presence of an
ambient current and increased turbulence levels. One case of jet mixing in a river is when the jet is
weak compared with the ambient current, such as a pulp mill discharge into the Fraser River.
This research was initially driven by the need to model the interaction between suspended sediments
and pulp mill effluent in the Fraser River Basin under the Fraser River Action Plan. Because of the
detrimental effect on water quality, researchers are investigating the physical, chemical and
biological processes which occur when an effluent plume is discharged into the river. This study
examines the physical mechanisms which are responsible for mixing in the vicinity of the discharge.
To investigate the mixing process in the initial near-field, experiments involving a single buoyant jet
discharging at an angle of 45 degrees into a moving ambient environment were performed. The
main emphasis of this study is on using temperature measurements to calculate dilution in the
vicinity of the port. To simulate field conditions in the laboratory, the range of two modelling
parameters were preserved, namely the densimetric jet Froude number and the velocity ratio, which
is the ratio of jet velocity to ambient velocity.
The experimental data showed that the velocity ratio has a greater influence on dilution than the jet
Froude number. Generally, dilution increases with decreasing velocity ratio or increasing ambient
current. The data correspond well with previous studies on dilution of jet in a perpendicular
crossflow. Bottom attachment of the jet is evident, creating a possible mechanism for entrainment
of bottom sediments into the effluent plume in relation to the Fraser River.
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Extent |
3528247 bytes
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Genre | |
Type | |
File Format |
application/pdf
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Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2009-02-16
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0050367
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URI | |
Degree | |
Program | |
Affiliation | |
Degree Grantor |
University of British Columbia
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Graduation Date |
1996-11
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Campus | |
Scholarly Level |
Graduate
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Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Item Media
Item Citations and Data
Rights
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.