UBC Theses and Dissertations

UBC Theses Logo

UBC Theses and Dissertations

Individuality in John Locke and John Stuart Mill: a response to Michael J. Sandel Camcastle, Cara

Abstract

This thesis examines from a philosophical and theoretical standpoint, the validity of the communitarian claim that liberalism promotes an abstract, asocial, and atomistic conception of the self. To better understand the inner logic of Lockean and Millian arguments, I analyse 'individuality' the concept at the centre of the dispute between liberals and communitarians. The thesis illustrates the essentially contested nature of this concept, and the complexity and diversity of the liberal tradition which has been generally overlooked by communitarian critics. Locke's conception of individuality is morphological because it emphasises how an individual assisted by the right kind of education constructs his individuality through deliberation and self-control. In contrast to Sandel's self which cannot distance itself from its obligations and situations, Locke's individual is aware of and assisted by his constitutive attachments but can stand apart from them and critically evaluate them. Reflecting in part the influence of the German Romantics, Mill's conception of individuality is holistic as it strives for completeness of character. In comparison to the static depiction of the self in the liberal-communitarian debate, his conception involves spontaneous development of the individual's unique potential. Communitarians assert that the liberal emphasis on plurality and liberty comes at the expense of securing a conception of the good. Liberty enhances for Locke and Mill the sincerity of beliefs and the authenticity of opinions. Their conceptions of individuality are instrumental in the flourishing of society and are intrinsic to human excellence and virtue. A recognition of the distinctiveness and diversity of human existence facilitates greater social harmony and cooperation.

Item Media

Item Citations and Data

Rights

For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.